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Saturday, 23 May 2026

Quotes from Homer with references to the Bronze Age



  1.  [BOAR TUSK HELMET] Μηριόνης δ' Ὀδυσῆϊ δίδου βιὸν ἠδὲ φαρέτρην καὶ ξίφος, ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ κυνέην κεφαλῆφιν ἔθηκε ῥινοῦ ποιητήν: πολέσιν δ' ἔντοσθεν ἱμᾶσιν ἐντέτατο στερεῶς: ἔκτοσθε δὲ λευκοὶ ὀδόντες ἀργιόδοντος ὑὸς θαμέες ἔχον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα εὖ καὶ ἐπισταμένως: μέσσῃ δ' ἐνὶ πῖλος ἀρήρει. [Il.10.260]
    • Meriones gave Odysseus a bow, a quiver and a sword, and put a cleverly made leather helmet on his head. On the inside there was a strong lining on interwoven straps, onto which a felt cap had been sewn in. The outside was cleverly adorned all around with rows of white tusks from a shiny-toothed boar, the tusks running in alternate directions in each row.
  2. [NESTOR'S CUP]  πὰρ δὲ δέπας περικαλλές, ὃ οἴκοθεν ἦγ᾽ ὁ γεραιός, χρυσείοις ἥλοισι πεπαρμένον· οὔατα δ᾽ αὐτοῦ τέσσαρ᾽ ἔσαν, δοιαὶ δὲ πελειάδες ἀμφὶς ἕκαστον χρύσειαι νεμέθοντο, δύω δ᾽ ὑπὸ πυθμένες ἦσαν. [Il.11.632]
    • and beside them a beauteous cup, that the old man had brought from home, studded with bosses of gold; four were the handles thereof, and about each twain doves were feeding, while below were two supports.
  3. [TOWER SHIELD?] Αἴας δ᾽ ἐγγύθεν ἦλθε φέρων σάκος ἠΰτε πύργον, χάλκεον ἑπταβόειον, ὅ οἱ Τυχίος κάμε τεύχων, σκυτοτόμων ὄχ᾽ ἄριστος, Ὕλῃ ἔνι οἰκία ναίων, ὅς οἱ ἐποίησεν σάκος αἰόλον ἑπταβόειον ταύρων ζατρεφέων, ἐπὶ δ᾽ ὄγδοον ἤλασε χαλκόν. [Il.7.219]
    • So Aias drew near, bearing his shield that was like a city wall, a shield of bronze with sevenfold bull’s-hide, the which Tychius had wrought with toil, he that was far best of workers in hide, having his home in Hyle, who had made him his flashing shield of seven hides of sturdy bulls, and thereover had wrought an eighth layer of bronze. 

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